We may earn a commission from links on this page. All the ingredients for life exist beneath ice shelves, said John Priscu, a professor of polar ecology at Montana State University, who has studied life under polar ice for almost 40 years but who was not involved in the latest study. Solomon, S., Garcia, R. R., Rowland, F. S. & Wuebbles, D. J. Explore a billion-year-old volcanic mystery on Lake Superior, A journey of the senses through Abu Dhabi. 21, 11911194 (1994). It likely collapsed during a warm period 400,000 years ago. Past the South Pole is the great unknown. "The findings highlight the need for detailed observations of Antarctic glaciers' undersides in calculating how fast global sea levels will rise in response to climate change," NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory said. J. C. Farman, B. G. Gardiner and J. D. Shanklin, British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge, UK. Distant shot of a large iceberg, Antarctica. Its important to understand these currents, says Stevens, because if we get the circulation wrong, then were getting the melting wrong., The new project could also cast light on some lingering suspicionsthat even though the Ross Ice Shelf seems stable today, it has actually undergone some dramatic collapses in the recent past. As the lakes drain and fill, the ice above rises and falls, offering hints as to what's happening below. They have discovered a trend. A large carbon outgassing event could really whack the climate system if it happened multiple years in a row.. These hidden gems of frigid water are part of a vast network of ever-changing lakes hidden beneath 1.2 to 2.5 miles (2 to 4 kilometers) of ice on the southernmost continent. He allegedly made the bizarre sightings between 1983 and 1997 when he was stationed with the Antarctic Development Squadron. NASA/AP. They thought, well, just because youve got it one year, it doesnt count. Brian said the hole was five to ten miles from the South Pole. At the Mercer and Whillans boundary, the researchers found two new lakes, which they dubbed the Lower Conway Subglacial Lake and the Lower Mercer Subglacial Lake. It sits in a broad, low bowl that dips thousands of feet below sea levelmaking it vulnerable to deep, warm ocean currents that are already nipping at its outer edges. You are forbidden to enter into a cave with an opening without a federal cave license or a government cavern expert with you. In January of 1956, Admiral Byrd led yet another expedition to the South Pole. Admiral Richard Byrdproved not only a great explorer who had enough integrity to lead massive explorations of both poles, but sufficient character to tell the world what the government did not want him to reveal. A Warner Bros. Every time I see [the pilots], they wave and smile. The retired petty officer, 59, claimed to have been seen UFOs, aliens and a giant hole in the ice as he flew through a "no fly zone" in Antartica. In other words, they knew them to be good and rigorous scientists, so the initial questioning of those scientists was, well, how could they get such results because what they had found was ozone concentrations are far lower than anyone had ever seen on Earth. Unlike in Greenland, where meltwater flows from the ice surface through crevasses and holes called moulins, Antarctica's lakes form from beneath the ice, probably as a result of pressure, friction and perhaps geothermal heat. After the shooting, 23-year-old Dillon Munn rushed to check on his mother. The unexpected discovery of a hole in the atmospheric ozone layer over the Antarctic revolutionized science and helped to establish one of the most successful global environmental policies of the twentieth century. Large and long-lasting polynyas can also affect the atmosphere, because deep water contains carbon from lifeforms that have sunk over centuries and dissolved on their way down. I am the historian at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California. The undersides of ice shelves are usually smooth due to gradual melting. Their work could shed light on a poorly understood, but ominous Its been quite fascinating going back, particularly along the Antarctic Peninsula, on various trips. Dr. Bernard released The Hollow Earth The Greatest Geographical Discovery in History made by Admiral Richard E. Byrd in the Mysterious Land Beyond the Poles The True Origin of the Flying Saucers. We use your sign-up to provide content in the ways you've consented to and improve our understanding of you. The researchers think the cyclones winds pushed the ice outward from its center, creating a hole that would continue to expand over the days to come. Peter, T. & Groos, J.-U. And this is worth exploring, Holland said, because the polynyas delivery of ocean heat to the surface, followed by the sinking of that water as it becomes cooler and denser, plays an important role in global ocean circulation. Over forty ships, including the Navys crown jewel, Mount Olympus, the aircraft carrier, Philippine Sea, the seaplane tender,Pine Sea, the submarine, Senate, the destroyer, Bronson, the ice breaker, North Wind, and other tanker and supply ships. HighJump has become a contentious subject among UFO conspiracy theorists, who claim it was a covert US army project to control supposed secret underground Nazi establishments in Antarctica and catch the German Vril flying discs, or Thule mercury-powered spaceship prototypes. Ravishankara, A. R. & Hanson, D. R. J. Geophys. THEORY: A whistleblower claims he saw an alien base in the Antarctic. Causes and Effects of Changes in Stratospheric Ozone: Update 1983 (Natl Acad. What if we could clean them out? Former Navy fighter pilot Ryan Graves tells CNN's Alisyn Camerota about his unit's experiences with UFOs and explains the problems they can pose for military Thankfully, they'll all miss. The paper: Large losses of total ozone in Antarctica reveal seasonal ClOx/NOx interaction, Evidence of illegal emissions of ozone-depleting chemicals, Oceanic climate changes threaten the sustainability of Asias water tower, Solar geoengineering is scary thats why we should research it, Primary N2He gas field formation in intracratonic sedimentary basins, Core origin of seismic velocity anomalies at Earths coremantle boundary, Scientists made a new kind of ice that might exist on distant moons, MRC National Institute for Medical Research, Harwell Campus, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom. Molina, M. J. Heres why each season begins twice. PubMed The inquiry that still stays is that Admiral Byrd did make a trip past the post but this flight wasnt in February of 1947. Lett. It would balloon in size over the weeks to come, reaching 31,000 square miles (roughly the size of Ireland) by late October before it merged with the open ocean as Antarctic sea ice retreated with the onset of summer. This machine generated a powerful jet of hot water, which they used to melt two narrow holes, each a few inches across, more than 1,100 feet down to the bottom of the ice. FedEx pilot shot in Memphis while sleeping, Assistant district attorney from Williamson County suspended after DWI wreck in Hewitt, Texas superintendent resigns after student finds his gun in school bathroom, Carbon dioxide emissions reached a record high in 2022, Spirit Airlines flight makes emergency landing after battery fire, Biden begins push for funding for pandemic fraud measures. MEMPHIS, Tenn. (WMC/Gray News) - A FedEx pilot was shot in the middle of the night while asleep in bed, WMC confirmed. The lakes sit at the bottom of the ice sheet, where the ice meets the rocky Antarctic continent. "It's not just the ice sheet we're talking about," study leader Matthew Siegfried, a geophysicist at the Colorado School of Mines, said in a statement. It seems the animals attached to the boulder drifted there as microscopic larvae, and then grew into their adult forms: life is everywhere and the environment selects the species that eventually thrive., A future stage will be to determine if the animals are similar to those in the open ocean, or if they had evolved to live where they are now, Priscu said in an email. An armed contingent of 1,400 seafarers, and three dog sled teams were likewise aboard. 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National Research Council. So, they ultimately wound up corroborating the British Antarctic Surveys story and getting a bit of egg on their faces too. Chem. It seems to not only be melting on the ocean edges, but also from underneath, and warmer ocean waters are infiltrating. ICESat, however, collected data for only six years. Majestic Twelve (MJ 12) was originally conceived by a man named Jesse Marcel, who had been involved with the first Roswell UFO event.Majestic Twelve (MJ 12) was the alleged code label of a secret committee of experts, military top leaders, and government authorities, supposedly developed in 1947 by an executive order of the then US president, Harry S. Truman. After lowering the sediment corer through the borehole, the scientists then lowered it through about 1,600 feet of seawater below the floating ice shelf. Soc. Welcome to the Hollow Earth Research Society, Admiral Richard Byrd andthe Hollow Earth. Nature (Nature) When he spoke out about some of the sights he has seen and experienced, governments were quick to attempt to assassinate his character. Scientists say the glacier is responsible for about four percent of global sea level rise. So, when the British Antarctic Survey paper is published in 1985, a lot of people are rather shocked because during the early 1980s, they werent sure whether there was evidence of depletion and thats because its a difficult question to answer. New York, An even bigger gap, of 50,000 square kilometers (19,000 square miles) appeared in September and October of 2017. WebHowever, The Andy Griffith Show did explain Opies mothers absence in the shows backdoor pilot. Published by Macmillan Journals Limited, 4 Little Essex Street, London, WC2R 3LF. Like I said, its pilots. Tolbert, M. A., Rossi, M. J., Malhotra, R. & Golden, D. M. Science 238, 12581260 (1987). Ozone is an invisible upper atmospheric gas that protects all forms of life on Earth from most of the Suns damaging radiation, radiation that can cause skin cancer, eye damage and suppression of the immune system. There are still animals out there that can break the rules that we have written for them.. Youve got so much crime going on. So said the great explorer, Admiral Richard Byrd. Or by navigating to the user icon in the top right. The growing cavity sits in West Antarctica at the bottom of Thwaites Glacier, which is about as big as Florida and contains enough ice to contribute more than 2 feet to sea level rise, NASA said. A legend among those in the know was that Adolph Hitler did not die due to a suicide in 1945, but fled to Argentina, to an SS base carved under the ice in New Swabia during the very early 1950s, where he resumed his passion as a painter. Nature, international weekly journal of science. You had to learn how to find the right 9 track tape in a room full of tapes, and its really ironic to look at it today because the satellite was taking about 5 GB of data per year and at that time, when you said that, people were overwhelmingly impressed and now I think a lot of people probably run that through their smartphone every month. And yeah, with nice coloured graphics it hits you in the face. Some complained we shouldnt use that term, but once you let that term out of the bag, there was no going back. In 1964, Dr. Raymond W. Bernard, was a leader of the Rosicrucians, who are members of a worldwide cabal, especially the Ancient Mystic Order, Rosae Crucis and the Rosicrucian Order, focused his research on old magical, philosophical, and religious teachings, concerned with the application of these doctrines to modern life. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. Past the South Pole is the great unknown. Though even bigger gaps had formed decades before, this was the first time oceanographers had a chance to truly monitor the unexpected gap in Antarctic winter sea ice. In that region, an underwater mountain known as Maud Rise forces dense seawater around it and leaves a spinning vortex above. Its messed up right here, right now in Memphis. The 'extreme cruelty' around the global trade in frog legs, What does cancer smell like? There is a great deal of variation in the density of stratospheric ozone it varies by season, it varies by latitude so there were claims of depletion but they werent widely accepted yet. It means that 41% of its In doing so, they hoped to answer a question of worldwide importance: just how secure is the ice of West Antarctica? Many models show that the winds circling Antarctica will become stronger and draw closer to the coast the new paper suggests this would encourage more polynyas to form, not fewer. Thompson, D. W. J. et al. The 2021 Antarctic ozone hole reached its maximum area on Oct. 7 and ranks 13th largest since 1979. Essentially its a flipping over of the entire ocean, rather than an injection of surface water on a one-way trip from the surface to the deep, said co-author Earle Wilson, who recently completed his doctorate in oceanography at the UW. It hosts some of the fiercest storms on the planet, with winds whipping uninterrupted around the continent in the 24-hour darkness of polar winter. A hole that appeared in 2016 and 2017 drew intense curiosity from scientists and reporters. It seemed that each Antarctic spring which for the Antarctic is September, October ozone levels were dropping. The Ross Ice Shelf is considered more stable, at present, than many of West Antarcticas other floating shelvesand this observation could help explain that: if a few inches of sea water periodically freezes onto the bottom of its ice, this could buffer it from thinning more rapidly. The research explores why this hole appears in only some years, and what role it could play in the larger ocean circulation. In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles Why? What we discovered at our Antarctic station was quite curious. Campbell joined the UW as a graduate student in 2016 to better understand this mysterious phenomenon. As Heuz put it, everythings connected.. Old cells hang around as we age, doing damage to the body. This cold, dense water lurks below all the other water. The ban actually took a number of more years to negotiate and became possible as more evidence that chlorofluorocarbons were actually responsible for the ozone hole was developed by the scientific research that was going on. Google Scholar. What was precisely discovered has always been shrouded in mystery, but it may have been astonishing. Cold, dark and alive! It really is, especially dealing with the youth. They collaborated in going public with the tales regarding the Roswell accident and the internal planet; some believe Admiral Forrestal was assassinated and within a couple of weeks of Byrds self-imposed expatriation, he was likewise dying; his journal was leaked after his death. IE 11 is not supported. First Steps to Recovery. The hole was, in a word, enormous, and it prompted a raft of speculation as to what could have caused it. From pioneering the use of solar energy to helping to eradicating disease, here are just a few ways the 39th U.S. president has made the world a better place. Nature. The Montreal Protocol, as its initially written, was a 50% reduction in production of chlorofluorocarbons it was not a ban. Chem. Other co-authors on the paper are Kent Moore at the University of Toronto, who was the 2016-17 Canada Fulbright Visiting Chair in Arctic Studies at the UW; Casey Brayton at the University of South Carolina; and Lynne Talley and Matthew Mazloff from Scripps Institution of Oceanography at the University of California, San Diego. Recently, scientists discovered a weak spot in the ozone layer over Antarctica. Observations show that the recent polynyas opened from a combination of factors one being the unusual ocean conditions, and the other being a series of very intense storms that swirled over the Weddell Sea with almost hurricane-force winds.. Well, the Goddard folks had set quality control software to look at the data automatically as it came back from the satellite and mark as potentially bad data anything that showed levels below a certain amount, and these levels of the prediction of the Antarctic Surveys were below that amount. So, when the Goddard folks mapped all these flags of potentially bad data, they were all over the Antarctic, exactly where the British Antarctic Survey said it should be. Not according to biology or history. Video shows discovery of sea-sponges living nearly half a mile beneath Antarctica ice. Each spring, over Antarctica a hole in the ozone develops Satellites photo show that a hole opens for a few months during Antarcticas springtime. They had expected the seafloor to be mud, but were dismayed when they hit a boulder, which meant they couldnt get the intended sediment samples. These are the first observations to prove that even a smaller polynya like the one in 2016 moves water from the surface all the way to the deep ocean. "[The size of] a cavity under a glacier plays an important role in melting," said Pietro Milillo of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Ethan Campbell (right) and Stephen Riser (second from left) view one of the SOCCOM monitoring instruments built at the UW and then released in the Southern Ocean, with UW alumnus Chanelle Cadot (far left), now at NOAA, and UW graduate student Rosalind Echols (second from right).Dennis Wise/University of Washington. Analysis shows that when the surface ocean is especially salty, as seen throughout 2016, strong winter storms can set off an overturning circulation. The study also used data from the long-running Argo ocean observing program, elephant seals that beam data back to shore, weather stations and decades of satellite images. As senior study author David Holland of New York Universitys Abu Dhabi Research Institute explained to Earther by phone this week, the presence of the Maud Rise seamountwhich he described as the equivalent of the Himalayas except underwater in a polar oceanpushes the warm, dense, salty water that typically lingers near the seafloor closer to the oceans surface. The regional atmospheric conditions then can be the trigger in a specific winter season.. Which travel companies promote harmful wildlife activities? The paper really changed the way people look at the environment. All of these changes are puzzle pieces in scientists' understanding of the speed and direction of Antarctica's ice sheet flow. Scientists have discovered two new lakes buried deep beneath the Antarctic Ice Sheet. 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We were able, in a very short time, to put together a lot of pieces and to draw a much clearer picture of how this part of the Earths system works and what might affect it and what might not affect it. Where and how its created affects its characteristics, and would have ripple effects on other major ocean currents. 94, 1148011520 (1989). Res. A ski-mounted Twin Otter aircraft ferried them 220 miles from the nearest base, landing near the middle of the Ross Ice Shelfthe massive slab of ice and snow, as flat and empty as a prairie, that hangs off the coastline of West Antarctica and floats on the ocean. World Meteorological Organization. In his journal, Byrd apparently informs readers of having entered into the hollow interior of the earth, along with others and having traveled 1700 miles over mountains, lakes, waterways, green vegetation, and animal life. According to their claims, polar explorer Richard E. Byrd and co-pilot Floyd Bennett fly over the North Pole on this day in the Josephine Ford, a triple-engine Fokker Copyright 2023 WMC via Gray Media Group, Inc. All rights reserved. Dr. Bernard released, The Hollow Earth The Greatest Geographical Discovery in History. To obtain An essential round-up of science news, opinion and analysis, delivered to your inbox every weekday. Im Jonathan Shanklin and I was one of the team of scientists that discovered the Antarctic ozone hole. Some of the Special Reports available at the. Please be respectful of copyright. William Cooper goes into greater detail in the Special Report titledWilliam Coopers Deadly Secretsavailable under Special Reports. This certainly had more of a military signature rather than an innocent exploration. The regional atmospheric conditions then can be the trigger in a specific winter season 2017 drew intense curiosity from and. Had more of a military signature rather than an innocent exploration dense lurks! 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